Diseño de un disipador de calor en paneles fotovoltaicos para disminuir su temperatura y aumentar la eficiencia mediante SolidWorks
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2026
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Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo
Resumen
La eficiencia de los paneles fotovoltaicos se ve considerablemente afectada por el aumento de temperatura durante su operación, lo que genera una disminución en la producción de energía y una reducción en su vida útil. Esta tesis tiene como objetivo diseñar un disipador de calor en paneles fotovoltaicos que permita disminuir su temperatura de funcionamiento y, de esta forma, incrementar su eficiencia. El diseño del disipador fue realizado mediante el software SolidWorks, donde se simularon diferentes escenarios térmicos considerando condiciones climáticas de la región de Piura, Perú, que se caracteriza por sus altas temperaturas. Para evaluar la efectividad del disipador, se realizó una matriz ponderada que incluyó criterios como eficiencia térmica, costo, durabilidad, facilidad de instalación y mantenimiento. De las tres alternativas evaluadas (disipador de aluminio pasivo, disipador de cobre pasivo y disipador con ventilación activa), el disipador de aluminio pasivo se determinó como la mejor opción debido a su relación costo-beneficio. Los resultados de las simulaciones térmicas mostraron que el disipador diseñado permitió una reducción de hasta 23,9 °C en la temperatura de los paneles fotovoltaicos, lo que se traduce en una mejora significativa en su eficiencia energética. Asimismo, se estimaron los costos de los perfiles T para la construcción del disipador, obteniendo un costo total aproximado de $206,85. Finalmente, el uso de este disipador no solo mejora la eficiencia de los paneles solares, sino que también extiende su vida útil, lo que representa un beneficio económico para los usuarios y una contribución importante en la promoción de energías renovables más eficientes.
The efficiency of photovoltaic panels is considerably affected by the increase in temperature during their operation, which generates a decrease in energy production and a reduction in their useful life. The objective of this thesis is to design a heat sink in photovoltaic panels to reduce their operating temperature and, thus, increase their efficiency. The design of the heat sink was carried out using SolidWorks software, where different thermal scenarios were simulated considering climatic conditions of the region of Piura, Peru, which is characterized by its high temperatures. To evaluate the effectiveness of the heatsink, a weighted matrix was made that included criteria such as thermal efficiency, cost, durability, ease of installation and maintenance. Of the three alternatives evaluated (passive aluminum heatsink, passive copper heatsink and actively ventilated heatsink), the passive aluminum heatsink was determined to be the best option due to its cost-benefit ratio. The results of the thermal simulations showed that the designed heatsink allowed a reduction of up to 23,9 °C in the temperature of the photovoltaic panels, which translates into a significant improvement in their energy efficiency. Likewise, the manufacturing, extrusion and surface treatment costs of the heatsink were estimated, obtaining an approximate total cost of $206,85. Finally, the use of this heatsink not only improves the efficiency of solar panels, but also extends their useful life, which represents an economic benefit for users and an important contribution to the promotion of more efficient renewable energies.
The efficiency of photovoltaic panels is considerably affected by the increase in temperature during their operation, which generates a decrease in energy production and a reduction in their useful life. The objective of this thesis is to design a heat sink in photovoltaic panels to reduce their operating temperature and, thus, increase their efficiency. The design of the heat sink was carried out using SolidWorks software, where different thermal scenarios were simulated considering climatic conditions of the region of Piura, Peru, which is characterized by its high temperatures. To evaluate the effectiveness of the heatsink, a weighted matrix was made that included criteria such as thermal efficiency, cost, durability, ease of installation and maintenance. Of the three alternatives evaluated (passive aluminum heatsink, passive copper heatsink and actively ventilated heatsink), the passive aluminum heatsink was determined to be the best option due to its cost-benefit ratio. The results of the thermal simulations showed that the designed heatsink allowed a reduction of up to 23,9 °C in the temperature of the photovoltaic panels, which translates into a significant improvement in their energy efficiency. Likewise, the manufacturing, extrusion and surface treatment costs of the heatsink were estimated, obtaining an approximate total cost of $206,85. Finally, the use of this heatsink not only improves the efficiency of solar panels, but also extends their useful life, which represents an economic benefit for users and an important contribution to the promotion of more efficient renewable energies.
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Palabras clave
Paneles fotovoltaicos, Disipación térmica, Energías renovables, Photovoltaic panels, Thermal management, Renewable energy
Citación
D. Ueda, “Diseño de un disipador de calor en paneles fotovoltaicos para disminuir su temperatura y aumentar la eficiencia mediante SolidWorks,” tesis de licenciatura, Fac. de Ingeniería, Univ. USAT, Chiclayo, Perú, 2026. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12423/10263
