Percepción del paciente sobre el cuidado preoperatorio que brinda la enfermera en un hospital público de Lambayeque, 2025
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Fecha
2026
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Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo
Resumen
Las intervenciones quirúrgicas son procedimientos que permiten diagnosticar o rehabilitar lesiones y afecciones, la cual consta de tres fases, y aunque el cuidado de enfermería es fundamental en cada una de ellas, es en el proceso preoperatorio donde se identifican las necesidades físicas y psicológicas del paciente. Objetivo: describir y analizar la percepción del paciente sobre el cuidado preoperatorio que brinda la enfermera en un Hospital público de Lambayeque, 2025. Método: Estudio cualitativo con diseño descriptivo, la población estuvo conformada por pacientes preoperatorios del servicio de cirugía y especialidades del hospital Belén de Lambayeque. El muestreo fue no probabilístico por conveniencia, la muestra estuvo integrada por 12 pacientes, determinada por saturación y redundancia del contenido. Los datos se obtuvieron a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas, que fueron validadas mediante juicios de expertos. La información recolectada se procesó utilizando el método de análisis temático de contenido, asimismo se consideró los principios éticos y de rigor científico durante el desarrollo del estudio. Resultados: Se obtuvieron cuatro categorías: Actitud de la enfermera frente al cuidado del paciente, comunicación e intervención de la enfermera en cuidados preoperatorios, alteraciones emocionales y necesidades psicológicas de los pacientes y la espiritualidad como dimensión de la calidad de vida. Conclusión: El cuidado preoperatorio debe trascender lo técnico y orientarse hacia una atención integral, donde la comunicación empática, el apoyo emocional y la inclusión de la dimensión espiritual sean pilares fundamentales para garantizar seguridad, confianza y bienestar en el paciente.
Surgical interventions are procedures that allow the diagnosis or rehabilitation of injuries and conditions, which consist of three phases, and although nursing care is essential in each of them, it is in the preoperative process where the physical and psychological needs of the patient are identified. Objective: To describe and analyze patient perceptions of the preoperative care provided by the nurse in a public hospital in Lambayeque, 2025. Method: Qualitative study with a descriptive design. The population consisted of preoperative patients from the surgery and specialty service of the Belén de Lambayeque Hospital. The sampling was nonprobabilistic for convenience, the sample consisted of 12 patients, determined by saturation and redundancy of content. Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews, which were validated by expert judgments. The information collected was processed using the thematic content analysis method, and ethical principles and scientific rigor were considered during the development of the study. Results: Four categories were identified: nurse attitude toward patient care, nurse communication and intervention in preoperative care, patients' emotional disturbances and psychological needs, and spirituality as a dimension of quality of life. Conclusion: Preoperative care should transcend the technical and be oriented toward comprehensive care, where empathic communication, emotional support, and the inclusion of the spiritual dimension are fundamental pillars to guarantee patient safety, trust, and wellbeing.
Surgical interventions are procedures that allow the diagnosis or rehabilitation of injuries and conditions, which consist of three phases, and although nursing care is essential in each of them, it is in the preoperative process where the physical and psychological needs of the patient are identified. Objective: To describe and analyze patient perceptions of the preoperative care provided by the nurse in a public hospital in Lambayeque, 2025. Method: Qualitative study with a descriptive design. The population consisted of preoperative patients from the surgery and specialty service of the Belén de Lambayeque Hospital. The sampling was nonprobabilistic for convenience, the sample consisted of 12 patients, determined by saturation and redundancy of content. Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews, which were validated by expert judgments. The information collected was processed using the thematic content analysis method, and ethical principles and scientific rigor were considered during the development of the study. Results: Four categories were identified: nurse attitude toward patient care, nurse communication and intervention in preoperative care, patients' emotional disturbances and psychological needs, and spirituality as a dimension of quality of life. Conclusion: Preoperative care should transcend the technical and be oriented toward comprehensive care, where empathic communication, emotional support, and the inclusion of the spiritual dimension are fundamental pillars to guarantee patient safety, trust, and wellbeing.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Cuidados preoperatorios, Enfermería, Percepción del paciente, Preoperative Care, Nursing, Patient Satisfaction
Citación
Vilcamango K. Percepción del paciente sobre el cuidado preoperatorio que brinda la enfermera en un hospital público de Lambayeque, 2025 [tesis de licenciatura]. Chiclayo: Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo; 2026. 74 p. [citado el 17 de diciembre de 2025]. Disponible en: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12423/10079
