Estigma hacia personas con trastornos mentales en adolescentes de un centro educativo de Chiclayo, 2023
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Fecha
2025
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Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo
Resumen
El estigma es un factor social desadaptativo con el que lidian las personas con trastornos mentales, convirtiéndolos en víctimas de reacciones sociales negativas, que afectan su bienestar, adaptación y limitan su participación social. En este sentido, se realizó un estudio comparativo transversal con el objetivo de determinar las diferencias en el estigma hacia personas con trastornos mentales según sexo, edad y cercanía en adolescentes de un centro educativo en Chiclayo, además de identificar el nivel de estigma presente en esta población. La investigación contó con la participación de 262 estudiantes, seleccionados a través de un muestreo censal, de los cuales 120 son mujeres y 142 varones, entre 15 y 17 años (M=16) (DE=0.783). Por otro lado, se recolectaron datos aplicando la Encuesta de opinión sobre enfermedades mentales, OMI por sus siglas en inglés. Obteniéndose como resultado que no existe diferencia entre varones y mujeres respecto al estigma hacia personas con trastornos mentales, exceptuando la dimensión negativismo donde la diferencia es pequeña (p>0.05; d=0.2006), asimismo, tampoco existe diferencia según edad (p=0.087), sin embargo, sí existe diferencia significativa según cercanía (p=< .001), por otro lado, el estigma está presente en el 26.7% de los participantes. Finalmente, se concluye que la problemática está presente en la población, además que el sexo y la edad no determina diferencia en el estigma hacia personas con trastornos mentales, mientras que la cercanía sí marca una diferencia significativa.
Stigma is a maladaptive social factor that people with mental disorders deal with, making them victims of negative social reactions, which affect their well-being, adaptation and limit their social participation. In this sense, a cross-sectional comparative study was carried out with the objective of determining the differences in the stigma towards people with mental disorders according to sex, age and proximity in adolescents from an educational center in Chiclayo, in addition to identifying the level of stigma present in this population. The research involved the participation of 262 students, selected through census sampling, of which 120 are women and 142 men, between 15 and 17 years old (M=16) (SD=0.783). On the other hand, data were collected by applying the Opinion Survey on Mental Illnesses, OMI. The result is that there is no difference between men and women regarding the stigma towards people with mental disorders except for the negativity dimension where the difference is small (p>0.05; d=0.2006), likewise, there is no difference according to age (p=0.087). ), however, there is a significant difference according to proximity (p=< .001), on the other hand, stigma is present in 26.7% of the participants. Finally, it is concluded that the problem is present in the population, and that sex and age do not determine a difference in the stigma towards people with mental disorders, while proximity does make a significant difference.
Stigma is a maladaptive social factor that people with mental disorders deal with, making them victims of negative social reactions, which affect their well-being, adaptation and limit their social participation. In this sense, a cross-sectional comparative study was carried out with the objective of determining the differences in the stigma towards people with mental disorders according to sex, age and proximity in adolescents from an educational center in Chiclayo, in addition to identifying the level of stigma present in this population. The research involved the participation of 262 students, selected through census sampling, of which 120 are women and 142 men, between 15 and 17 years old (M=16) (SD=0.783). On the other hand, data were collected by applying the Opinion Survey on Mental Illnesses, OMI. The result is that there is no difference between men and women regarding the stigma towards people with mental disorders except for the negativity dimension where the difference is small (p>0.05; d=0.2006), likewise, there is no difference according to age (p=0.087). ), however, there is a significant difference according to proximity (p=< .001), on the other hand, stigma is present in 26.7% of the participants. Finally, it is concluded that the problem is present in the population, and that sex and age do not determine a difference in the stigma towards people with mental disorders, while proximity does make a significant difference.
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Estigma social, Trastornos mentales, Adolescentes, Social stigma, Mental disorders, Adolescents
Citación
Perez Loaiza, L. (2025). Estigma hacia personas con trastornos mentales en adolescentes de un centro educativo de Chiclayo, 2023 [Tesis de licenciatura, Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo]. Repositorio de Tesis USAT.
