Análisis de la accesibilidad turística en los sitios arqueológicos Huaca Rajada - Sipán y Túcume para personas con discapacidad
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2026
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Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo
Resumen
La investigación tuvo por objetivo analizar el nivel de accesibilidad turística en los sitios arqueológicos Huaca Rajada - Sipán y Túcume para personas con discapacidad, evaluando las dimensiones física y cognitiva mediante una metodología de enfoque mixto, alcance descriptivo y corte transversal. Se aplicó una herramienta llamada Heritage Site Accessibility Tool (HSAT) adaptada al contexto a evaluar, realizando observación directa a través de 29 indicadores, y encuestas con preguntas adaptadas del primer instrumento a una muestra de 33 visitantes con discapacidad. Los resultados revelaron niveles insuficientes para la variable de accesibilidad turística, con 48% en Huaca Rajada - Sipán y 50% en Túcume; pero de forma específica se identificó entre dimensiones que Túcume presentó mejor desempeño en accesibilidad física con un 35,88%, mientras que Huaca Rajada - Sipán superó en accesibilidad cognitiva con un 20,29%. Las principales barreras físicas incluyen ausencia de estacionamientos reservados, SS.HH accesibles y señalización deficiente, mientras que en la dimensión cognitiva se detectaron paneles informativos con brechas de entendimiento o visualización, inexistencia de braille o la práctica de lengua de señas. Se concluye que ambos sitios aún requieren mejoras para ofrecer experiencias turísticas plenamente accesibles, evidenciando la necesidad de normativa específica para patrimonio arqueológico e implementación de planes que equilibren la conservación patrimonial y la inclusión.
The objective of the research was to analyze the level of tourist accessibility at the Huaca Rajada - Sipán and Túcume archaeological sites for people with disabilities, evaluating the physical and cognitive dimensions using a mixed-method approach, descriptive scope, and cross-sectional design. A tool called the Heritage Site Accessibility Tool (HSAT) was applied, adapted to the context being evaluated, using direct observation through 29 indicators and surveys with questions adapted from the first instrument to a sample of 33 visitors with disabilities. The results revealed insufficient levels for the tourist accessibility variable, with 48% in Huaca Rajada-Sipán and 50% in Túcume; but specifically, it was identified that Túcume performed better in physical accessibility with 35.88%, while Huaca Rajada-Sipán outperformed in cognitive accessibility with 20.29%. The main physical barriers include a lack of reserved parking spaces, accessible restrooms, and poor signage, while in the cognitive dimension, information panels with gaps in understanding or visualization, a lack of Braille, and the practice of sign language were detected. It was concluded that both sites still require improvements to offer fully accessible tourist experiences, evidencing the need for specific regulations for archaeological heritage and the implementation of plans that balance heritage conservation and inclusion.
The objective of the research was to analyze the level of tourist accessibility at the Huaca Rajada - Sipán and Túcume archaeological sites for people with disabilities, evaluating the physical and cognitive dimensions using a mixed-method approach, descriptive scope, and cross-sectional design. A tool called the Heritage Site Accessibility Tool (HSAT) was applied, adapted to the context being evaluated, using direct observation through 29 indicators and surveys with questions adapted from the first instrument to a sample of 33 visitors with disabilities. The results revealed insufficient levels for the tourist accessibility variable, with 48% in Huaca Rajada-Sipán and 50% in Túcume; but specifically, it was identified that Túcume performed better in physical accessibility with 35.88%, while Huaca Rajada-Sipán outperformed in cognitive accessibility with 20.29%. The main physical barriers include a lack of reserved parking spaces, accessible restrooms, and poor signage, while in the cognitive dimension, information panels with gaps in understanding or visualization, a lack of Braille, and the practice of sign language were detected. It was concluded that both sites still require improvements to offer fully accessible tourist experiences, evidencing the need for specific regulations for archaeological heritage and the implementation of plans that balance heritage conservation and inclusion.
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Palabras clave
Accesibilidad turística, Patrimonio arqueológico, Personas con discapacidad, Tourism accessibility, Archaeological heritage, People with disabilities
Citación
Piscoya, A. (2026). Análisis de la accesibilidad turística en los sitios arqueológicos Huaca Rajada - Sipán y Túcume para personas con discapacidad [Tesis de licenciatura, Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo]. Repositorio Institucional USAT. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12423/10457
