Experiencia del cuidador sobre la atención de enfermería en paciente oncológico pediátrico de un hospital público de Chiclayo, 2025
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2026
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Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo
Resumen
El cáncer pediátrico, con aproximadamente 29 000 casos diagnosticados anualmente, constituye la segunda causa de morbilidad en niños y adolescentes. En Perú, su incidencia alcanzó el 18.3% por cada 100 000 habitantes, destacando la necesidad de una atención integral, donde la experiencia del cuidador es clave para mejorar la calidad del cuidado oncológico. En este contexto, la presente investigación, de enfoque cualitativo y diseño descriptivo, tuvo como objetivo describir y comprender la experiencia del cuidador sobre la atención de enfermería en paciente oncológico pediátrico de un hospital público de Chiclayo, 2025. La muestra estuvo conformada por 13 cuidadores, determinada por los criterios de saturación y redundancia; usando muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, considerando los criterios de inclusión establecidos. Los datos se recolectaron mediante una guía de entrevista semiestructurada, previamente validada por expertos. En cuanto al procesamiento y análisis de datos, se empleó un análisis de contenido temático, que permitió identificar tres categorías principales: a) Variabilidad de atención en enfermería, b) Enfermería en busca del bienestar del paciente, c) Manejo de síntomas físicos del tratamiento y enfermedad. Asimismo, a lo largo de esta investigación, se consideró los principios bioéticos: autonomía, beneficencia, no maleficencia y justicia, así como criterios de rigor científico como credibilidad y transferibilidad. En conclusión, la atención de enfermería en niños con cáncer no siempre es igual y combina cuidado clínico, apoyo emocional y actividades recreativas. Además, que, una comunicación cercana y el apoyo espiritual ayudan a mejorar su bienestar y la confianza del cuidador.
Pediatric cancer, with approximately 29,000 cases diagnosed annually, is the second leading cause of morbidity among children and adolescents. In Peru, its incidence reached 18.3 per 100,000 inhabitants, highlighting the need for comprehensive care, where the caregiver’s experience plays a key role in improving the quality of oncological care. In this context, the present study, with a qualitative approach and descriptive design, aimed to describe and understand the caregiver’s experience regarding nursing care for pediatric oncology patients in a public hospital in Chiclayo in 2025. The sample consisted of 13 caregivers, determined by saturation and redundancy criteria, using non-probabilistic convenience sampling based on the established inclusion criteria. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview guide, previously validated by experts. For data processing and analysis, thematic content analysis was employed, identifying three main categories: a) Variability of nursing care, b) Nursing in pursuit of patient well-being, and c) Management of physical symptoms related to treatment and illness. Throughout the study, bioethical principles—autonomy, beneficence, non maleficence, and justice—were considered, along with scientific rigor criteria such as credibility and transferability. In conclusion, nursing care for children with cancer is not always uniform and combines clinical care, emotional support, and recreational activities. Furthermore, close communication and spiritual support help enhance patient well-being and caregiver trust.
Pediatric cancer, with approximately 29,000 cases diagnosed annually, is the second leading cause of morbidity among children and adolescents. In Peru, its incidence reached 18.3 per 100,000 inhabitants, highlighting the need for comprehensive care, where the caregiver’s experience plays a key role in improving the quality of oncological care. In this context, the present study, with a qualitative approach and descriptive design, aimed to describe and understand the caregiver’s experience regarding nursing care for pediatric oncology patients in a public hospital in Chiclayo in 2025. The sample consisted of 13 caregivers, determined by saturation and redundancy criteria, using non-probabilistic convenience sampling based on the established inclusion criteria. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview guide, previously validated by experts. For data processing and analysis, thematic content analysis was employed, identifying three main categories: a) Variability of nursing care, b) Nursing in pursuit of patient well-being, and c) Management of physical symptoms related to treatment and illness. Throughout the study, bioethical principles—autonomy, beneficence, non maleficence, and justice—were considered, along with scientific rigor criteria such as credibility and transferability. In conclusion, nursing care for children with cancer is not always uniform and combines clinical care, emotional support, and recreational activities. Furthermore, close communication and spiritual support help enhance patient well-being and caregiver trust.
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Neoplasias, Cuidadores, Atención de enfermería, Neoplasms, Caregivers, Nursing Care
Citación
Gamarra D. Experiencia del cuidador sobre la atención de enfermería en paciente oncológico pediátrico de un hospital público de Chiclayo, 2025 [tesis de licenciatura]. Chiclayo: Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo; 2026. 78 p. [citado el 27 de febrero de 2026]. Disponible en: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12423/9982
