Polimorfismo inserción/deleción de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina y nefropatía diabética, en pacientes de un hospital peruano, 2023
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2025
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Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo
Resumen
Objetivo: Este estudio buscó determinar la asociación entre el polimorfismo Inserción/Deleción de enzima convertidora de angiotensina y la Nefropatía Diabética en pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Regional Lambayeque, 2023. Metodología: Se usó un diseño de casos y controles, la muestra lo conformaron 112 personas. Se utilizó Odd Ratio crudo y ajustado para establecer asociación entre las variables. Resultados: La edad de los casos fue 61 años y en los controles 63 años; p=0.60. El tiempo promedio de DM2 fue mayor en los casos (17 años; RIC: 12-20) que en los controles (14 años; RIC: 11-17). La prevalencia de hipertensión arterial (HTA) fue más alta en los casos (64%) en comparación con los controles (27%); el tener como comorbilidad adicional la HTA es factor de riesgo para tener nefropatía diabética: OR ajustado: 9.13 (IC 95%: 2.38-42.7); p=0.001. El tratamiento regular con antihiperglicemiantes fue más frecuente en los controles (64%) que en los casos (44%); estando asociado como factor protector a la nefropatía diabética OR ajustado: 0.17 (IC 95%: 0.05-0.54); p=0.002. Los genotipos más frecuentes en los casos fueron (ID 38% y II 48%) y en los controles (ID 45% y II 41%). No se encontró asociación entre los genotipos del polimorfismo de la ECA y la nefropatía diabética: OR ajustado para el genotipo II: 1.00 (IC 95%: referencia); genotipo ID: 0.85 (IC 95%: 0.27-2.66); genotipo DD: 0.72 (IC 95%: 0.32-1.66); p=0.7.
Diabetic nephropathy is currently considered multifactorial and polygenic. The aim of this study was to determine the association between the angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy in patients treated at the Lambayeque Regional Hospital in 2023. A case-control design was used, the sample consisted of 56 people in each group. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were used to establish an association between the variables. The median age in cases was 61 years (IQR: 56-67) and in controls 63 years (IQR: 57-68); p=0.60. The average time of DM2 was longer in cases (17 years; IQR: 12-20) than in controls (14 years; IQR: 11-17); p=0.02. The prevalence of arterial hypertension (AH) was higher in cases (64%) compared to controls (27%); Having HBP as an additional comorbidity increases the risk of having diabetic nephropathy: adjusted OR: 9.13 (95% CI: 2.38-42.7); p=0.001. Regular treatment with antihyperglycemic agents was more frequent in controls (64%) than in cases (44%); said factor being associated with diabetic nephropathy adjusted OR: 0.17 (95% CI: 0.05-0.54); p=0.002. The most frequent genotypes in both groups were II (48% in cases; 41% in controls) and ID (38% in cases; 45% in controls). No association was found between the ACE polymorphism genotypes and diabetic nephropathy: adjusted OR for genotype II: 1.00 (95% CI: reference); genotype ID: 0.85 (95% CI: 0.27-2.66); DD genotype: 0.72 (95% CI: 0.32-1.66); p=0.7.
Diabetic nephropathy is currently considered multifactorial and polygenic. The aim of this study was to determine the association between the angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy in patients treated at the Lambayeque Regional Hospital in 2023. A case-control design was used, the sample consisted of 56 people in each group. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were used to establish an association between the variables. The median age in cases was 61 years (IQR: 56-67) and in controls 63 years (IQR: 57-68); p=0.60. The average time of DM2 was longer in cases (17 years; IQR: 12-20) than in controls (14 years; IQR: 11-17); p=0.02. The prevalence of arterial hypertension (AH) was higher in cases (64%) compared to controls (27%); Having HBP as an additional comorbidity increases the risk of having diabetic nephropathy: adjusted OR: 9.13 (95% CI: 2.38-42.7); p=0.001. Regular treatment with antihyperglycemic agents was more frequent in controls (64%) than in cases (44%); said factor being associated with diabetic nephropathy adjusted OR: 0.17 (95% CI: 0.05-0.54); p=0.002. The most frequent genotypes in both groups were II (48% in cases; 41% in controls) and ID (38% in cases; 45% in controls). No association was found between the ACE polymorphism genotypes and diabetic nephropathy: adjusted OR for genotype II: 1.00 (95% CI: reference); genotype ID: 0.85 (95% CI: 0.27-2.66); DD genotype: 0.72 (95% CI: 0.32-1.66); p=0.7.
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Polimorfismo de la ECA, Nefropatía diabética, Diabetes mellitus tipo 2, ACE polymorphism, Diabetic nephropathy, Diabetes mellitus, type 2
Citación
Cueva L. Polimorfismo inserción/deleción de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina y nefropatía diabética, en pacientes de un hospital peruano, 2023 [Tesis de licenciatura]. Chiclayo: Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo; 2025. 40 p. Disponible en:
