Control de convencionalidad como sustento de derogación para la Ley N° 32138 que modifica el delito de organización criminal
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2026
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Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo
Resumen
La presente investigación examina cómo la Ley N.º 32138, que modifica el delito de organización criminal en Perú, vulnera las pautas internacionales establecidas por la Convención de Palermo. El objetivo general es determinar de qué manera esta ley contraviene dichos estándares conforme al control de convencionalidad y cuáles son los fundamentos jurídicos que justifican su derogación por inconstitucionalidad. Entre los objetivos específicos se incluyen: definir el alcance del control convencional sobre la ley, comparar mecanismos de control constitucional en otros países, y analizar las consecuencias jurídicas de su promulgación. La metodología empleada es de tipo cualitativo, aplicada y documental, basada en el análisis de legislación nacional e internacional, jurisprudencia, doctrina y derecho comparado. Se utiliza el paradigma interpretativo para comprender el impacto normativo de la ley en el sistema judicial peruano. Los resultados evidencian que la Ley 32138 modifica elementos clave de la tipificación del delito de organización criminal, como el umbral de pena mínima y la estructura organizativa, alejándose de los parámetros de la Convención de Palermo. Además, se identifican casos judiciales donde la ley ha sido utilizada para favorecer a investigados, lo que refuerza su invalidez constitucional. Se concluye que, al tener los tratados internacionales rango constitucional en Perú, la ley debe ser sometida al control de convencionalidad y derogada por contravenir compromisos internacionales en materia de derechos humanos y justicia penal.
This research analyzes how Law No. 32138, which modifies the criminal offense of organized crime in Peru, violates international standards established by the Palermo Convention. The general objective is to determine how this law contradicts those standards through the lens of conventionality control and to identify the legal grounds for its repeal due to unconstitutionality. Specific objectives include defining the scope of conventionality control over the law, comparing constitutional control mechanisms in other countries, and examining the legal consequences of its enactment. The methodology is qualitative, applied, and documentary, based on the analysis of national and international legislation, jurisprudence, doctrine, and comparative law. An interpretative paradigm is used to understand the law’s normative impact on the Peruvian judicial system. The results show that Law No. 32138 alters key elements of the original definition of organized crime, such as the minimum penalty threshold and organizational structure, deviating from the Palermo Convention’s parameters. It excludes certain crimes and introduces ambiguities that hinder the legal identification of criminal organizations. Judicial cases reveal that the law has been used to benefit individuals under investigation, reinforcing its constitutional invalidity. Given that international treaties have constitutional status in Peru, the law must undergo conventionality control and be repealed for violating international human rights and criminal justice commitments.
This research analyzes how Law No. 32138, which modifies the criminal offense of organized crime in Peru, violates international standards established by the Palermo Convention. The general objective is to determine how this law contradicts those standards through the lens of conventionality control and to identify the legal grounds for its repeal due to unconstitutionality. Specific objectives include defining the scope of conventionality control over the law, comparing constitutional control mechanisms in other countries, and examining the legal consequences of its enactment. The methodology is qualitative, applied, and documentary, based on the analysis of national and international legislation, jurisprudence, doctrine, and comparative law. An interpretative paradigm is used to understand the law’s normative impact on the Peruvian judicial system. The results show that Law No. 32138 alters key elements of the original definition of organized crime, such as the minimum penalty threshold and organizational structure, deviating from the Palermo Convention’s parameters. It excludes certain crimes and introduces ambiguities that hinder the legal identification of criminal organizations. Judicial cases reveal that the law has been used to benefit individuals under investigation, reinforcing its constitutional invalidity. Given that international treaties have constitutional status in Peru, the law must undergo conventionality control and be repealed for violating international human rights and criminal justice commitments.
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Organización criminal, Control de convencionalidad, Convención de Palermo, Criminal organization, Conventionality control, Palermo Convention
Citación
Villanueva, O. (2026). Control de convencionalidad como sustento de derogación para la Ley N° 32138 que modifica el delito de organización criminal [Tesis de licenciatura, Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo]. Repositorio Institucional USAT. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12423/10409
