Frecuencia de crisis hipertensiva según características clínicosociodemográficas en adultos atendidos en un hospital III-1 entre los años 2020-2023
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2026
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Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo
Resumen
Antecedentes: La crisis hipertensiva es una complicación aguda de la hipertensión arterial asociada a un incremento de la morbimortalidad. Su presencia clínica varía según el contexto sanitario y la información regional es limitada. Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia y describir las características clínicas y sociodemográficas de los pacientes adultos atendidos por crisis hipertensiva en el servicio de emergencia en un hospital III-1 durante el periodo 2020 – 2023. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, retrospectivo. Se analizaron 119 historias clínicas de adultos con diagnóstico previo de hipertensión arterial atendidos en el servicio de emergencia del Hospital Regional Lambayeque entre marzo de 2020 y mayo de 2023, utilizando estadística descriptiva (tablas de frecuencia, medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión). Resultados: La frecuencia de crisis hipertensiva fue de 0,92%, con predominio en mujeres (58%) y en el grupo etario de 56 a 65 años (48,7%). Las manifestaciones neurológicas fueron las más frecuentes, destacando la cefalea, y la urgencia hipertensiva fue la forma de presentación predominante (62,2%). Conclusiones: La crisis hipertensiva se presentó principalmente en formas de menor severidad clínica, lo que resalta la importancia de la identificación precoz y la evaluación estandarizada en los servicios de emergencia, aportando evidencia epidemiológica local relevante para la planificación sanitaria
Background: Hypertensive crisis is an acute complication of arterial hypertension associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Its clinical presentation varies according to the healthcare context, and regional information remains limited. Objective: To determine the frequency and describe the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of adult patients treated for hypertensive crisis in the emergency department of a level III-1 hospital during the period 2020–2023. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted. A total of 119 medical records of adults with a previous diagnosis of arterial hypertension who were treated in the emergency department of Hospital Regional Lambayeque between March 2020, and May 2023 were analyzed, using descriptive statistics (frequency tables, measures of central tendency, and dispersion). Results: The frequency of hypertensive crisis was 0.92%, with a predominance among women (58%) and patients aged 56 to 65 years (48.7%). Neurological manifestations were the most frequent, with headache being the most common symptom, and hypertensive urgency was the predominant clinical presentation (62.2%). Conclusions: Hypertensive crisis occurred mainly in forms of lower clinical severity, highlighting the importance of early identification and standardized evaluation in emergency services, and providing relevant local epidemiological evidence for healthcare planning.
Background: Hypertensive crisis is an acute complication of arterial hypertension associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Its clinical presentation varies according to the healthcare context, and regional information remains limited. Objective: To determine the frequency and describe the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of adult patients treated for hypertensive crisis in the emergency department of a level III-1 hospital during the period 2020–2023. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted. A total of 119 medical records of adults with a previous diagnosis of arterial hypertension who were treated in the emergency department of Hospital Regional Lambayeque between March 2020, and May 2023 were analyzed, using descriptive statistics (frequency tables, measures of central tendency, and dispersion). Results: The frequency of hypertensive crisis was 0.92%, with a predominance among women (58%) and patients aged 56 to 65 years (48.7%). Neurological manifestations were the most frequent, with headache being the most common symptom, and hypertensive urgency was the predominant clinical presentation (62.2%). Conclusions: Hypertensive crisis occurred mainly in forms of lower clinical severity, highlighting the importance of early identification and standardized evaluation in emergency services, and providing relevant local epidemiological evidence for healthcare planning.
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Crisis hipertensiva, Hipertensión arterial, Emergencias, Hypertensive crisis, Hypertension, Emergency care
Citación
Muñoz L. Frecuencia de crisis hipertensiva según características clínicosociodemográficas en adultos atendidos en un hospital III-1 entre los años 2020-2023 [tesis de licenciatura]. Chiclayo: Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo; 2026. 32 p. [citado el 19 de febrero de 2026]. Disponible en: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12423/9917
