Características clínico-epidemiológicas de pacientes con tuberculosis en la Microred José Leonardo Ortiz durante el periodo marzo 2020 – diciembre 2022
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2025
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Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo
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Introducción: Las medidas de urgencia tomadas en el mundo con el fin de contener el avance del nuevo SARS-CoV-2 llevaron a una reducción en la atención brindada al resto de enfermedades por un largo periodo. Esto, sumado a factores como el aislamiento social, el hacinamiento, el aumento en los niveles de pobreza y otros más, formaron la tormenta perfecta para provocar un retroceso de al menos 10 años en los objetivos mundiales de la lucha contra la tuberculosis. Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas, epidemiológicas y sociodemográficas de aquellos pacientes diagnosticados con tuberculosis en la Microred José Leonardo Ortiz durante el periodo marzo 2020 – diciembre 2022. Se manejó un diseño observacional, de tipo descriptivo y retrospectivo, con un muestreo censal. Resultados: Predominó el sexo masculino (63.08%), la población joven-adulta (77,84%), y aquellos laboralmente independientes/desocupados (59,69%), así como los solteros (41,23%) y convivientes (35,08%). La incidencia del año 2021 duplicó a la del año 2020. En las características clínicas: El método diagnóstico más empleado fue la baciloscopía en un 73,54%. Los casos nuevos representaron el 90,77%. El 81,85% presentó tuberculosis pulmonar. El 49,23% obtuvo el alta como curado. El 94,77% mostró tuberculosis sensible. Y el 21,23% tuvo antecedente de contacto. El 80.92% manifestó haber recibido la vacuna BCG. El 34,46% aceptó el consumo de sustancias nocivas como alcohol o tabaco. Finalmente, en las comorbilidades, el 15,08% presentó Diabetes mellitus y el 7,38% infección por VIH.
Introduction: The emergency measures taken in the world in order to contain the advance of the new SARS-CoV-2 led to a reduction in the care provided to other diseases for a long period. This, added to factors such as social isolation, overcrowding, increased levels of poverty and others, formed the perfect storm to cause a setback of at least 10 years in the global objectives of the fight against tuberculosis. Objective: Describe the clinical, epidemiological and sociodemographic characteristics of those patients diagnosed with tuberculosis in the José Leonardo Ortiz Micronetwork during the period March 2020 – December 2022. An observational, descriptive and retrospective design was used, with census sampling. Results: The male sex predominated (63.08%), the young-adult population (77.84%), and those working independently/unemployed (59.69%), as well as singles (41.23%) and cohabitants (35.08%). The incidence in 2021 doubled that of 2020. In the clinical characteristics: The most used diagnostic method was smear microscopy at 73.54%. New cases represented 90.77%. 81.85% presented pulmonary tuberculosis. 49.23% were discharged as cured. 94.77% showed susceptible tuberculosis. And 21.23% had a history of contact. 80.92% stated that they had received the BCG vaccine. 34.46% accepted the consumption of harmful substances such as alcohol or tobacco. Finally, in comorbidities, 15.08% had Diabetes mellitus and 7.38% had HIV infection.
Introduction: The emergency measures taken in the world in order to contain the advance of the new SARS-CoV-2 led to a reduction in the care provided to other diseases for a long period. This, added to factors such as social isolation, overcrowding, increased levels of poverty and others, formed the perfect storm to cause a setback of at least 10 years in the global objectives of the fight against tuberculosis. Objective: Describe the clinical, epidemiological and sociodemographic characteristics of those patients diagnosed with tuberculosis in the José Leonardo Ortiz Micronetwork during the period March 2020 – December 2022. An observational, descriptive and retrospective design was used, with census sampling. Results: The male sex predominated (63.08%), the young-adult population (77.84%), and those working independently/unemployed (59.69%), as well as singles (41.23%) and cohabitants (35.08%). The incidence in 2021 doubled that of 2020. In the clinical characteristics: The most used diagnostic method was smear microscopy at 73.54%. New cases represented 90.77%. 81.85% presented pulmonary tuberculosis. 49.23% were discharged as cured. 94.77% showed susceptible tuberculosis. And 21.23% had a history of contact. 80.92% stated that they had received the BCG vaccine. 34.46% accepted the consumption of harmful substances such as alcohol or tobacco. Finally, in comorbidities, 15.08% had Diabetes mellitus and 7.38% had HIV infection.
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Tuberculosis, COVID-19, Epidemiología, Tuberculosis, COVID-19, Epidemiology
Citación
Vasquez A. Características clínico-epidemiológicas de pacientes con tuberculosis en la Microred José Leonardo Ortiz durante el periodo marzo 2020 – diciembre 2022 [Tesis de licenciatura]. Chiclayo: Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo; 2025. 54 p. Disponible en:
