La neutralidad del dinero en el Perú 1992 - 2023
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Fecha
2025
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Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo
Resumen
El objetivo de esta tesis es analizar la existencia de la neutralidad del dinero en la economía peruana. Para ello recurrimos a un modelo VAR estructural, donde las variables endógenas relevantes son el capital per cápita y el dinero nominal per cápita. La idea es que el dinero tiene influencia en el capital per cápita y por tanto no es neutral a largo plazo. Para probar dicha hipótesis, usamos datos desde mensuales desde 1992 a 2023, para las variables antes señaladas y otras endógenas, como: consumo per cápita, inflación y la tasa de interés real. Se diseñaron dos modelos VAR estructurales, uno para niveles, es decir cambios en el saldo monetario nominal per cápita y otro para medir la tasa de variación de dicho saldo. En ambos casos, los resultados indican que el dinero no es neutral a largo plazo, es decir cambios monetarios en nivel o en tasa de variación, crean cambios en el capital per cápita, por tanto, el dinero influencia los ciclos económicos reales. Se hizo además una estimación de causalidad de Granger espectral, para validar los hallazgos y encontramos que el dinero en niveles, si causa al capital per cápita en alta frecuencia o con efectos trimestrales, mientras que esta causalidad es menor cuando se producen modificaciones en la tasa de variación del dinero.
The objective of this thesis is to analyze the existence of the neutrality of money in the Peruvian economy. To do this, we resort to a structural VAR model, where the relevant endogenous variables are capital per capita and nominal money per capita. The idea is that money has an influence on capital per capita and therefore is not neutral in the long term. To test this hypothesis, we use monthly data from 1992 to 2023, for the aforementioned variables and other endogenous ones, such as: per capita consumption, inflation and the real interest rate. Two structural VAR models were designed, one for levels, that is, changes in the nominal monetary balance per capita, and another to measure the rate of variation of said balance. In both cases, the results indicate that money is not neutral in the long term, that is, monetary changes in level or rate of variation create changes in capital per capita, therefore money influences real economic cycles. A spectral Granger causality estimate was also made to validate the findings and we found that money in levels does cause capital per capita in high frequency or with quarterly effects, while this causality is lower when changes occur in the rate. variation of money.
The objective of this thesis is to analyze the existence of the neutrality of money in the Peruvian economy. To do this, we resort to a structural VAR model, where the relevant endogenous variables are capital per capita and nominal money per capita. The idea is that money has an influence on capital per capita and therefore is not neutral in the long term. To test this hypothesis, we use monthly data from 1992 to 2023, for the aforementioned variables and other endogenous ones, such as: per capita consumption, inflation and the real interest rate. Two structural VAR models were designed, one for levels, that is, changes in the nominal monetary balance per capita, and another to measure the rate of variation of said balance. In both cases, the results indicate that money is not neutral in the long term, that is, monetary changes in level or rate of variation create changes in capital per capita, therefore money influences real economic cycles. A spectral Granger causality estimate was also made to validate the findings and we found that money in levels does cause capital per capita in high frequency or with quarterly effects, while this causality is lower when changes occur in the rate. variation of money.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Neutralidad del dinero, Economía peruana, Modelo VAR, Money neutrality, Peruvian economy, VAR model
Citación
Vasquez Campos, A. Y. (2025). La neutralidad del dinero en el Perú 1992 - 2023 [Tesis de licenciatura, Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo]. Repositorio de Tesis USAT.
