Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de pacientes afectados con tuberculosis pulmonar en el centro de salud de Atusparias, 2018 – 2022
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2025
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Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo
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Objetivo: Determinar las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de pacientes con diagnóstico de tuberculosis pulmonar sensible en el Centro de Salud de Atusparias en el periodo enero del 2018 a diciembre del 2022. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal, con una población de 133 pacientes, cuyos datos fueron obtenidos de historias clínicas y se usaron fichas de recolección. Resultados: De las 133 historias revisadas se encontró, 66.9% son de sexo masculino (89) y 33.1% de sexo femenino (44). 24.8% (33) se encuentran dentro del rango de edad de 18 – 24 años, seguido de 25 – 34 años 23.3% (31). El grado de instrucción más frecuente encontrado fue de nivel secundaria 45.11% (60). 39.1% (52) no percibe ingresos, seguido de >950 soles 38.3% (51). El seguro SIS fue el régimen de salud más frecuente 68.4% (91). Con respecto a la ocupación 481% (64) trabaja. La prueba de sensibilidad a II medicamentos 43.6% (58) seguida de sensibilidad todos los medicamentos 42.1% (56). Los resultados de baciloscopia indican BAAR +++ 28.6% (38) seguida de BAAR – 26.3% (35). Enfermedad concomitante más común DM 12.8% (17) seguida de VIH 8.3% (11), en su mayoría no se indicaba en la HC 56.4% (75). El alcohol con un 49.6% (66) es el hábito nocivo más frecuente. Características sintomatológicas de tipo respiratoria con 63.9% (85) son más frecuentes. El estado general el mayor porcentaje se encontró regular 75.9 % (101). Con respecto a los antecedentes de tratamiento, pacientes nunca tratados 75.2 % (100) es de el de mayor frecuencia. Tuvieron contacto con TB resistente 41.4% (55) indicado en la HC. Contacto con TB sensible indicado en la HC 51.1 % (68). El índice de hacinamiento tuvo mayor frecuencia en rangos de 2 – 5 45.8% (61). Conclusión: Las características más frecuentes encontradas en pacientes con diagnóstico de TB pulmonar sensible fueron: Sexo masculino, edad comprendida entre 18 – 24 años, que no percibe ingresos, tiene seguro SIS, trabaja, con resultados de prueba de sensibilidad a II medicamentos, BAAR +++, de enfermedad concomitante DM y VIH con habito nocivo el consumo de alcohol en aparente regular estado general, nunca haber recibido tratamiento, tiene contacto con pacientes con TB sensible, resistente y vive en condiciones de hacinamiento moderado.
Objective: To determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients diagnosed with sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis at the Atusparias Health Center from January 2018 to December 2022. Materials and methods: Observational, descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study, with a population of 133 patients, whose data were obtained from clinical histories and collection cards were used. Results: Of the 133 medical records reviewed, 66.9% were male (89) and 33.1% were female (44). 24.8% (33) were within the age range 18 - 24 years, followed by 25 - 34 years 23.3% (31). The most frequent educational level found was high school 45.11% (60). 39.1% (52) had no income, followed by >950 soles 38.3% (51). The SIS insurance was the most frequent health system 68.4% (91). Regarding occupation 481% (64) work. The sensitivity test to II drugs 43.6% (58) followed by sensitivity to all drugs 42.1% (56). Results of smear microscopy indicate BAAR +++ 28.6% (38) followed by BAAR - 26.3% (35). Most common concomitant disease DM 12.8% (17) followed by HIV 8.3% (11), mostly not indicated in the HC 56.4% (75). Alcohol with 49.6% (66) is the most frequent harmful habit. Respiratory symptomatologic characteristics with 63.9% (85) are more frequent. The general condition the highest percentage was found to be regular 75.9% (101). Regarding treatment history, patients never treated 75.2 % (100) is the most frequent. They had contact with resistant TB 41.4% (55) indicated in the HC. Contact with sensitive TB indicated in the HC 51.1 % (68). The overcrowding index was most frequent in ranges of 2 - 5 45.8% (61). Conclusion: The most frequent characteristics found in patients diagnosed with sensitive pulmonary TB were: male sex, age between 18 - 24 years, not receiving income, with SIS insurance, working, with results of sensitivity test to II drugs, BAAR +++, concomitant disease DM and HIV with harmful habit of alcohol consumption in apparent regular general condition, never having received treatment, having contact with patients with sensitive TB, resistant and living in conditions of moderate overcrowding.
Objective: To determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients diagnosed with sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis at the Atusparias Health Center from January 2018 to December 2022. Materials and methods: Observational, descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study, with a population of 133 patients, whose data were obtained from clinical histories and collection cards were used. Results: Of the 133 medical records reviewed, 66.9% were male (89) and 33.1% were female (44). 24.8% (33) were within the age range 18 - 24 years, followed by 25 - 34 years 23.3% (31). The most frequent educational level found was high school 45.11% (60). 39.1% (52) had no income, followed by >950 soles 38.3% (51). The SIS insurance was the most frequent health system 68.4% (91). Regarding occupation 481% (64) work. The sensitivity test to II drugs 43.6% (58) followed by sensitivity to all drugs 42.1% (56). Results of smear microscopy indicate BAAR +++ 28.6% (38) followed by BAAR - 26.3% (35). Most common concomitant disease DM 12.8% (17) followed by HIV 8.3% (11), mostly not indicated in the HC 56.4% (75). Alcohol with 49.6% (66) is the most frequent harmful habit. Respiratory symptomatologic characteristics with 63.9% (85) are more frequent. The general condition the highest percentage was found to be regular 75.9% (101). Regarding treatment history, patients never treated 75.2 % (100) is the most frequent. They had contact with resistant TB 41.4% (55) indicated in the HC. Contact with sensitive TB indicated in the HC 51.1 % (68). The overcrowding index was most frequent in ranges of 2 - 5 45.8% (61). Conclusion: The most frequent characteristics found in patients diagnosed with sensitive pulmonary TB were: male sex, age between 18 - 24 years, not receiving income, with SIS insurance, working, with results of sensitivity test to II drugs, BAAR +++, concomitant disease DM and HIV with harmful habit of alcohol consumption in apparent regular general condition, never having received treatment, having contact with patients with sensitive TB, resistant and living in conditions of moderate overcrowding.
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Tuberculosis pulmonar sensible, Características clínico-epidemiológicas, Atención primaria de salud, Drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis, Clinical and epidemiological characteristics, Primary health care
Citación
Alvarado F. Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de pacientes afectados con tuberculosis pulmonar en el centro de salud de Atusparias, 2018 – 2022 [Tesis de licenciatura]. Chiclayo: Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo; 2025. 42 p. Disponible en:
