Cuidado enfermero transcultural en centro obstétrico: perspectiva del profesional de enfermería y madres en trabajo de parto en Guaranda- Ecuador, 2023
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2025
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Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo
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Introducción: Ecuador es un país multiétnico y pluricultural donde los hospitales brindan atención
mediante el parto culturalmente adecuado con la finalidad de disminuir las muertes maternas y a la
vez respetar la cultura de los pueblos, sin embargo, los estudios son escasos en estos contextos.
Objetivo: Comprender el cuidado enfermero transcultural desde la perspectiva del profesional de
enfermería y de las madres en trabajo de parto en centro obstétrico del Hospital Alfredo Noboa,
2023. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo con enfoque etnográfico. Participaron 8 profesionales de
enfermería, y 8 madres en trabajo de parto en centro obstétrico del hospital Alfredo Noboa
Montenegro. El tamaño de la muestra fue por saturación empírica con un muestreo no probabilístico.
Los datos se recolectaron mediante la observación (diario de campo) y la entrevista etnográfica a
profundidad, el análisis de la información fue mediante el análisis temático de Spradley. Se
cumplieron los principios éticos y criterios de rigor científico. Resultados: Perspectivas
transculturales sobre la importancia y motivos para la elección del parto culturalmente adecuado;
Cuidado de enfermería culturalmente congruente durante el trabajo de parto a través de la
adaptación de la infraestructura e integración de prácticas culturales; Visibilizando el cuidado
humano en el parto culturalmente adecuado; Oportunidades, dificultades y sugerencias para el parto
culturalmente adecuado. Conclusión: Integrar las prácticas culturales y necesidades individuales
fomenta un cuidado humano centrado en la madre y la familia. Por ello los profesionales de
enfermería deben capacitarse en competencias culturales acompañado de la adecuación de entornos
físicos basados en la diversidad cultural.
Introduction: Ecuador is a multiethnic and multicultural country where hospitals provide care through culturally appropriate childbirth with the aim of decreasing maternal deaths while respecting the culture of the people, however, studies are scarce in these contexts. Objective: To understand transcultural nursing care from the perspective of the nursing professional and the mothers in labor at the obstetric center of the Alfredo Noboa Hospital, 2023. Methodology: Qualitative study with ethnographic approach. Eight nursing professionals and eight mothers in labor at the obstetric center of the Alfredo Noboa Montenegro Hospital participated. The sample size was by empirical saturation with non-probabilistic sampling. The data were collected through observation (field diary) and in-depth ethnographic interview; the analysis of the information was by means of Spradley's thematic analys is. Ethical principles and criteria of scientific rigor were met. Results: Cross-cultural perspectives on the importance and reasons for choosing culturally appropriate childbirth; Culturally congruent nursing care during labor through the adaptation of infrastructure and integration of cultural practices; Visibilizing human care in culturally appropriate childbirth; Opportunities, difficulties and suggestions for culturally appropriate childbirth. Conclusion: Integrating cultural practices and individual needs fosters humane, mother- and family-centered care; therefore, nursing professionals should be trained in cultural competencies along with the adaptation of physical environments based on cultural diversity.
Introduction: Ecuador is a multiethnic and multicultural country where hospitals provide care through culturally appropriate childbirth with the aim of decreasing maternal deaths while respecting the culture of the people, however, studies are scarce in these contexts. Objective: To understand transcultural nursing care from the perspective of the nursing professional and the mothers in labor at the obstetric center of the Alfredo Noboa Hospital, 2023. Methodology: Qualitative study with ethnographic approach. Eight nursing professionals and eight mothers in labor at the obstetric center of the Alfredo Noboa Montenegro Hospital participated. The sample size was by empirical saturation with non-probabilistic sampling. The data were collected through observation (field diary) and in-depth ethnographic interview; the analysis of the information was by means of Spradley's thematic analys is. Ethical principles and criteria of scientific rigor were met. Results: Cross-cultural perspectives on the importance and reasons for choosing culturally appropriate childbirth; Culturally congruent nursing care during labor through the adaptation of infrastructure and integration of cultural practices; Visibilizing human care in culturally appropriate childbirth; Opportunities, difficulties and suggestions for culturally appropriate childbirth. Conclusion: Integrating cultural practices and individual needs fosters humane, mother- and family-centered care; therefore, nursing professionals should be trained in cultural competencies along with the adaptation of physical environments based on cultural diversity.
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Palabras clave
Enfermería transcultural, Parto culturalmente sensible, Ecuador, Transcultural nursing, Culturally competent care, Ecuador
Citación
Olalla M. Cuidado enfermero transcultural en centro obstétrico: perspectiva del
profesional de enfermería y madres en trabajo de parto en Guaranda-Ecuador, 2023 [Tesis de doctorado]. Chiclayo: Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo; 2025. 126 p. Disponible en:
