Perspectivas de la salud ambiental infantil en enfermeras comunitarias de la microred de salud Íllimo en Lambayeque, 2025
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2026
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Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo
Resumen
Las enfermeras de zonas rurales desempeñan un papel clave en la reducción de la exposición a contaminantes en la salud ambiental de los niños al educar y abogar por reducir su impacto en la salud y el desarrollo. Objetivo: Describir las perspectivas de la salud ambiental infantil en enfermeras comunitarias de la Microred de Salud Íllimo en Lambayeque, 2025. Método: Cualitativo, enfoque descriptivo. La población estuvo conformada por 24 enfermeras de la Microrred de Salud Íllimo, Lambayeque, y la muestra estuvo conformada por 13 enfermeras, seleccionados según criterios de saturación y redundancia, mediante muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada, y en el procesamiento de datos el análisis de contenido. Resultados: se obtuvieron cuatro categorías, a) Calidad del agua para consumo humano y sus repercusiones en la salud infantil; b) Exposición a material particulado y sus efectos en la salud respiratoria infantil; c) Las olas de calor y sus riesgos para la salud infantil; d) Apreciación del rol preventivo-promocional sobre salud ambiental infantil. Conclusiones: las enfermeras comunitarias perciben que los riesgos ambientales para la salud infantil son el consumo del agua con arsénico y no potabilizada, la contaminación del aire y olas de calor, asociados a enfermedades digestivas, respiratorias, nutricionales y efectos a largo plazo. Frente a ello, su labor se centra en la promoción y prevención mediante educación, seguimiento en zonas de riesgo y abogacía ante las autoridades para garantizar agua segura y políticas de salud ambiental.
Nurses in rural areas play a key role in reducing exposure to pollutants in children's environmental health by educating and advocating to reduce their impact on health and development. Objective: To describe the perspectives of children's environmental health in community nurses of the Íllimo Health Micronetwork in Lambayeque, 2025. Method: Qualitative, descriptive approach. The population consisted of 24 nurses from the Íllimo Health Micronetwork, Lambayeque, and the sample consisted of 13 nurses, selected according to saturation and redundancy criteria, through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Semistructured interviews were used for data collection, and content analysis was used for data processing. Results: four categories were obtained: a) Quality of water for human consumption and its repercussions on child health; b) Exposure to particulate matter and its effects on children's respiratory health; c) Heat waves and their risks to children's health; d) Appreciation of the preventive-promotional role on children's environmental health. Conclusions: Community nurses perceive that environmental risks to children's health are the consumption of arsenic and unpotified water, air pollution and heat waves, associated with digestive, respiratory, nutritional diseases and long-term effects. Faced with this, its work focuses on promotion and prevention through education, monitoring in risk areas and advocacy with the authorities to guarantee safe water and environmental health policies.
Nurses in rural areas play a key role in reducing exposure to pollutants in children's environmental health by educating and advocating to reduce their impact on health and development. Objective: To describe the perspectives of children's environmental health in community nurses of the Íllimo Health Micronetwork in Lambayeque, 2025. Method: Qualitative, descriptive approach. The population consisted of 24 nurses from the Íllimo Health Micronetwork, Lambayeque, and the sample consisted of 13 nurses, selected according to saturation and redundancy criteria, through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Semistructured interviews were used for data collection, and content analysis was used for data processing. Results: four categories were obtained: a) Quality of water for human consumption and its repercussions on child health; b) Exposure to particulate matter and its effects on children's respiratory health; c) Heat waves and their risks to children's health; d) Appreciation of the preventive-promotional role on children's environmental health. Conclusions: Community nurses perceive that environmental risks to children's health are the consumption of arsenic and unpotified water, air pollution and heat waves, associated with digestive, respiratory, nutritional diseases and long-term effects. Faced with this, its work focuses on promotion and prevention through education, monitoring in risk areas and advocacy with the authorities to guarantee safe water and environmental health policies.
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Salud ambiental infantil, Enfermería comunitaria, Contaminación ambiental, Child environmental health, Community nursing, Environmental pollution
Citación
Angeles F. Perspectivas de la salud ambiental infantil en enfermeras comunitarias de la microred de salud Íllimo en Lambayeque, 2025 [tesis de licenciatura]. Chiclayo: Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo; 2026. 85 p. [citado el 12 de febrero de 2026]. Disponible en: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12423/9868
