Intervención educativa sobre la prevención de enfermedades periodontales en adultos de la tercera edad en el distrito de Chiclayo 2025
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2026
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Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo
Resumen
El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la eficacia de una intervención educativa motivacional frente a una intervención tradicional para mejorar el conocimiento sobre la prevención de la enfermedad periodontal en adultos mayores, Chiclayo, 2025. El estudio fue prospectivo, cuantitativo, descriptivo y con diseño cuasi experimental. La muestra fue de 156 adultos mayores, de ambos sexos, con dientes naturales y que firmaron el consentimiento informado. Se utilizó un cuestionario presencial con dos partes: 16 preguntas de conocimiento y 20 preguntas tipo escala. Se realizó una prueba piloto con 20 adultos mayores mediante para obtener la validez y confiabilidad, donde se obtuvo que la consistencia interna fue alta: RK-20 = 0.976 para conocimiento y 0.975 para desesperanza. En el estudio se encontró que, tras la intervención motivacional, el nivel bueno aumentó de 32.1% a 89.7% (p=0.000). En la intervención tradicional predominó el nivel bueno (35.9%), mientras que en la motivacional el regular (35.9%). La charla motivacional incrementó el nivel bueno en todos los grupos etarios (p<0.05) y en ambos sexos, especialmente en mujeres (30.2% a 92.5%). Además, redujo los niveles de desesperanza en todas sus categorías (p<0.05). Se concluyó que la intervención educativa motivacional fue significativamente más eficaz que la tradicional.
The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a motivational educational intervention compared to a traditional intervention in improving knowledge about the prevention of periodontal disease in older adults, Chiclayo, 2025. The study was prospective, quantitative, descriptive, and quasi-experimental in design. The sample consisted of 156 older adults of both sexes with natural teeth who signed the informed consent form. A two-part face-to-face questionnaire was used: 16 knowledge questions and 20 scale-type questions. A pilot test was conducted with 20 older adults to obtain validity and reliability, which showed high internal consistency: RK-20 = 0.976 for knowledge and 0.975 for hopelessness. The study found that, following the motivational intervention, the good level increased from 32.1% to 89.7% (p=0.000). In the traditional intervention, the good level predominated (35.9%), while in the motivational ntervention, the fair level predominated (35.9%). The motivational talk increased the good level in all age groups (p<0.05) and in both sexes, especially in women (30.2% to 92.5%). In addition, it reduced levels of hopelessness in all categories (p<0.05). It was concluded that the motivational educational intervention was significantly more effective than the traditional one.
The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a motivational educational intervention compared to a traditional intervention in improving knowledge about the prevention of periodontal disease in older adults, Chiclayo, 2025. The study was prospective, quantitative, descriptive, and quasi-experimental in design. The sample consisted of 156 older adults of both sexes with natural teeth who signed the informed consent form. A two-part face-to-face questionnaire was used: 16 knowledge questions and 20 scale-type questions. A pilot test was conducted with 20 older adults to obtain validity and reliability, which showed high internal consistency: RK-20 = 0.976 for knowledge and 0.975 for hopelessness. The study found that, following the motivational intervention, the good level increased from 32.1% to 89.7% (p=0.000). In the traditional intervention, the good level predominated (35.9%), while in the motivational ntervention, the fair level predominated (35.9%). The motivational talk increased the good level in all age groups (p<0.05) and in both sexes, especially in women (30.2% to 92.5%). In addition, it reduced levels of hopelessness in all categories (p<0.05). It was concluded that the motivational educational intervention was significantly more effective than the traditional one.
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Palabras clave
Enfermedad periodontal, Intervención educativa, Adultos mayores, Periodontal disease, Educational intervention, Older adults
Citación
Merino S. Intervención educativa sobre la prevención de enfermedades periodontales en adultos de la tercera edad en el distrito de Chiclayo 2025 [tesis de licenciatura]. Chiclayo: Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo; 2026. 41 p. [citado el 12 de febrero de 2026]. Disponible en: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12423/0003
