Estudio de las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de una unidad de tierra reforzada con fibras de cabuya
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2025
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Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo
Resumen
En la actualidad, Perú enfrenta desafíos significativos en términos de vulnerabilidad de sus construcciones tradicionales frente a desastres naturales, especialmente en regiones rurales como el distrito de Chongoyape. Los pobladores de los centros poblados pertenecientes a este distrito aún construyen sus viviendas con adobe, manteniendo técnicas ancestrales que, si bien son económicas y accesibles, presentan serias deficiencias estructurales que las hacen propensas a daños severos durante eventos sísmicos y climáticos extremos. Por ello, surge la pregunta ¿En qué medida la adición de la fibra de cabuya mejorará las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de una unidad de tierra reforzada?, en la cual la hipótesis señala que la adición de la fibra de cabuya mejorará las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de una unidad de tierra reforzada. De esta manera se planteó como objetivo general Estudiar las propiedades físicas y
mecánicas de una unidad de tierra reforzada incorporándole fibra de cabuya a la mezcla. Para esta Investigación se realizaron ensayos físicos y mecánicos según lo estipulado en la norma E.080, tanto para la muestra patrón y la experimental con fibra de cabuya con una dosificación de 0.5%,1%,1.5%,2% y 3% Esto permitió realizar una comparación exhaustiva de las propiedades de cada muestra y evaluar la adición de la fibra de cabuya en el rendimiento del material. En conclusión, la adición de cabuya en un 3% mejoran tanto las propiedades físicas como mecánicas de la unidad de tierra reforzada.
Peru currently faces significant challenges in terms of the vulnerability of its traditional constructions to natural disasters, especially in rural regions such as the district of Chongoyape. The inhabitants of the towns belonging to this district still build their houses with adobe, maintaining ancestral techniques that, although they are economical and accessible, present serious structural deficiencies that make them prone to severe damage during seismic and extreme weather events. Therefore, the question arises: To what extent will the addition of cabuya fiber improve the physical and mechanical properties of a reinforced earth unit, in which the hypothesis states that the addition of cabuya fiber will improve the physical and mechanical properties of a reinforced earth unit. Thus, the general objective was to study the physical and mechanical properties of a reinforced earth unit by adding cabuya fiber to the mix. For this research, physical and mechanical tests were carried out as stipulated in the E.080 standard, both for the standard sample and the experimental sample with cabuya fiber at a dosage of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 3%. This allowed an exhaustive comparison of the properties of each sample and the evaluation of the addition of cabuya fiber in the performance of the material. In conclusion, the addition of cabuya at 3% improves both the physical and mechanical properties of the reinforced earth unit.
Peru currently faces significant challenges in terms of the vulnerability of its traditional constructions to natural disasters, especially in rural regions such as the district of Chongoyape. The inhabitants of the towns belonging to this district still build their houses with adobe, maintaining ancestral techniques that, although they are economical and accessible, present serious structural deficiencies that make them prone to severe damage during seismic and extreme weather events. Therefore, the question arises: To what extent will the addition of cabuya fiber improve the physical and mechanical properties of a reinforced earth unit, in which the hypothesis states that the addition of cabuya fiber will improve the physical and mechanical properties of a reinforced earth unit. Thus, the general objective was to study the physical and mechanical properties of a reinforced earth unit by adding cabuya fiber to the mix. For this research, physical and mechanical tests were carried out as stipulated in the E.080 standard, both for the standard sample and the experimental sample with cabuya fiber at a dosage of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 3%. This allowed an exhaustive comparison of the properties of each sample and the evaluation of the addition of cabuya fiber in the performance of the material. In conclusion, the addition of cabuya at 3% improves both the physical and mechanical properties of the reinforced earth unit.
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Palabras clave
Construcción, Materiales, Propiedades mecánicas, Construction, Materials, Mechanical properties
Citación
A. C. Pita Farro. "Estudio de las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de una unidad de tierra reforzada con fibras de cabuya," tesis de licenciatura, Fac. de Ingeniería, Univ. USAT, Chiclayo, Perú, 2025. [En línea]. Disponible en:
